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Introduction to Microsoft SQL Server
 

Microsoft SQL Server Setup
 

Introduction

Microsoft SQL Server is an application used to create computer databases for the Microsoft Windows family of server operating systems. Microsoft SQL Server provides an environment used to generate databases that can be accessed from workstations, the Internet, or other media such as a personal digital assistant (PDA).

To follow our lessons, you must have access to a computer in which Microsoft SQL Server 2008 is installed. To start, you must have a computer that runs an appropriate operating system. If you are just learning, you can use a computer that runs Microsoft Windows XP Professional, Microsoft Windows Vista, Microsoft Windows 7 (Professional or Ultimate), Microsoft Windows Server 2003, or Microsoft Windows Server 2008.

Before installing Microsoft SQL Server 2008, make sure you have installed all service packs on your operating system.

 Introduction to Microsoft SQL Server

Introduction to Security

One of the main concerns of a database is security, and this is central to Microsoft SQL Server. To install and use Microsoft SQL Server, you must use a computer account that must be authenticated to the computer. To start, you must create an appropriate user account. This depends of the operating system of the computer you will use.

Creating a User Account in Microsoft Windows XP

  1. Start Control Panel
  2. Click User Accounts:
     
    Control Panel
  3. Click Create New User:
     
    User Accounts
  4. Type the name for the new account:
     
    User Accounts
  5. Click Next.
    Make sure the Computer Administrator radio button is selected
     
    User Accounts
  6. Click Create Account
  7. To assign a password to an account, in the User Account, click the account you created
  8. Click Create A Password
     
    User Accounts
  9. In the Type A New Password text box, type Password1 and press Tab
  10. Type Password1 to confirm and type anything in the last text box:
     
    User Accounts
  11. Click Create Password

Creating a User Account in Microsoft Windows 7

  1. Start Control Panel
  2. Click User Accounts
     
    Control Panel: User Accounts
  3. Click User Accounts again
  4. Click Manage Accounts
     
    User Accounts
     
    User Accounts
  5. Click Advanced
  6. Click Advanced again
  7. In the left frame, right-click Users and click New User...:
     
    Control Panel: User Accounts
  8. Enter the user name, the full name, an optional description, and a password twice:
     
    User Accounts
  9. Click Create
  10. Click OK

Creating an Account in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 or 2008

  1. Log in to Microsoft Windows Server 2003 or 3008 with an account that can create accounts
  2. To create an account in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 or 2008, on the taskbar, click Start -> Administrative Tools -> Active Directory Users and Computers.
    If you receive a message box, click Continue
  3. In the left frame, expand the node of the domain if necessary.
    Right-click Users, position the mouse on New, and click User
     
    Active Directory Users and Computers
  4. Enter the first name, the optional initial (you can skip it), the last name, and the user name (the domain name will be different from yours)
     
    New User
  5. Click Next
  6. Type the password and press Tab
  7. Type the password again and accept the options in the check boxes
     
    New User
  8. Click Next (in the summary, the domain name will be different from yours)
     
    New User
  9. Read the summary in the last page of the wizard and click Finish
 
 
 
 

Security Principals

A security principal is a person or an object that needs access to a database. The security principal can be considered as one entity or as a group of entities:

Security Principals

This means that a security principal can be considered as a lone entity or as member of a group. For example, a person who accesses a database can be considered an entity. A group of people who perform the same job and have been give the same accecss(s) to a database (or to an object of a database) is considered a collection.

Creating a Group in Microsoft Windows 7:

  1. Start Control Panel
  2. Click User Accounts
     
    Control Panel: User Accounts
  3. Click User Accounts again
  4. Click Manage Accounts
     
    User Accounts
  5. Click Advanced
  6. Click Advanced again
  7. In the left frame, right-click Groups and click New Group...
     
    Control Panel: User Accounts
  8. Enter the desired name of the group and an optional description
     
    Control Panel: User Accounts
  9. You can click Create
  10. When creating a group or after creating it, to make it useful, you should (must) add one or more users to it. If you have created a group and had closed the dialog box already, open it using the previous steps.
    To add a user, click Add...
  11. This would open a dialog box. First check the location. If it is not displaying the right computer, click Locations... In the Locations dialog box, if you will access the database locally, select the name of the computer and click OK.
    In the bottom text box, type the (complete) username of the person you want to add
     
    Select Users
     
    Select Users
  12. Click Check Names
     
    Select Users
     
    Select Users
  13. Once the name has been resolved, click OK.
    You can either add one name at a time or add the other names one after another

Creating a Group in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 - 2008:

  1. Open the Active Directory Users and Computers
  2.  Right-click Users -> New -> Group
     
    Active Directory Users and Computers
  3. Type the desired name for the group and check the options of the radio buttons
     
    New Group
  4. After providing and checking the options, click OK
  5. In order to use a group, you should add at least one user to it. To do this, locate the group and double-click it or right-click the group and click Properties
  6. When the dialog box opens, click the Members tab
  7. Click Add
  8. In the bottom text box, enter the (complete) user name of the account
  9. Click Check Names
  10. When the name has been resolved, click OK

You can control the type of access that a security principal can exercise on a machine or a database, based on a level of accecss. There are three levels: Windows, server, and database:

Security Principals

Based on the functionality of a security principal, it can be considered as belonging to a collection.

To help the operating system identify them, each security principal uses a unique number called a security identifier (SID).

Creating an Administrator Account

To actually install Microsoft SQL Server 2008, you must use a user account that has the ability to install an application. If you are using Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, or 7, you should use the Administrator account or create a new account that has administrative rights. The account must also use/have a password.

Author Note

During the installation of Microsoft SQL Server, you must log in, using a username and a password. If you are working in Microsoft Windows XP->7, after the installation, if you want, you can remove the password on the account, but you will not be able to connect to Microsoft SQL Server again. If you want to connect to the server, you will have to use a password again.

Creating an Administrator in Microsoft Windows 7

  1. To start, display the [Local Users and Groups (Local)] window
  2. In the left frame, click Groups
  3. In the right frame, either double-click Administrators or right-click it and click Properties
  4. Click Add...
  5. Check the contents of the Location. If you are working locally, click Locations. If a dialog box comes up, click Cancel. Select the name of the computer
    In the bottom text box, type the (complete) user name of the person
     
    Select Users, Contacts, or Computers
  6. Click Check Names
     
    Select Users, Contacts, or Computers
  7. When the name has been resolved, click OK

Creating an Administrator in Microsoft Windows Server 2003-2008

  1. To start, display the Active Directory Users and Computers window
  2. You have various options:
    1. To add an account to the built-in Administrators group:
      1. In the left frame, click BuiltIn
      2. In the right frame, either double-click Administrators or right-click it and click Properties
    2. To add an account to another group, such as the Domain Admins:
      1. In the left frame, click Users
      2. In the right-click frame, either double-click Domain Admins
  3. Click the Members tab
  4. Click Add...
  5. In the bottom text box, type the (complete) user name of the person
     
    Select Users, Contacts, or Computers
  6. Click Check Names
     
    Select Users, Contacts, or Computers
     
  7. When the name has been resolved, click OK
Author Note

From now on, that is, for the rest of our lessons, we will consider that you are using a computer on which you have administrative rights. You must always log in using that account when you start your computer or use an account that has administrative rights.
     
 
 
   
 
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