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Reading Data Using a Data Reader
 

 

A Data Reader
 

Introduction

As reviewed in the previous lesson, a data adapter allows you to retrieve records from a database and make them available to your Windows Forms Application. To make reading data of a database a little faster, the .NET Framework provides a class used to read data from a database. For s SQL Server database, this class is called SqlDataReader

Practical Learning Practical Learning: Introducing the Data Reader
  1. Start Microsoft Visual Studio .NET or Visual Basic .NET
  2. Display the Server Explorer. Expand the Servers node, followed by the name of the computer, followed by SQL Servers, followed by the name of the server
  3. Right-click the server and click New Database
  4. Set the New Database Name to CPAS and accept to use Windows NT Integrated Security
  5. Click OK
  6. Under the name of the server in Server Explorer, expand the GCS node
  7. Right-click the Tables node and click New Table
  8. Create the table with the following columns (change only the indicated information; anything that is not mentioned should be ignored and use the default):
     
    Column Name Data Type Length Allow Nulls Other Properties
    RepairOrderID int     Primary Key
    Identity: Yes
    OrderDate datetime   Unchecked  
    OrderTime datetime 20 Unchecked  
    CustomerName varchar Unchecked  
    Address varchar      
    City varchar      
    State char 2    
    ZIPCode varchar 10    
    Make varchar 20 Unchecked  
    Model varchar 32 Unchecked  
    CarYear smallint 5 Unchecked  
    ProblemDescription text   Unchecked  
    PartName1 varchar      
    UnitPrice1 decimal 10   Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    Quantity1 tinyint 3   Default Value: 0
    SubTotal1 decimal 10   Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    PartName2 varchar  
    UnitPrice2 decimal 10   Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    Quantity2 tinyint 3   Default Value: 0
    SubTotal2 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    PartName3 varchar      
    UnitPrice3 decimal     Scale: 2
    Quantity3 tinyint     Default Value: 0
    SubTotal3 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    PartName4 varchar      
    UnitPrice4 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    Quantity4 tinyint     Default Value: 0
    SubTotal4 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    PartName5 varchar      
    UnitPrice5 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    Quantity5 tinyint     Default Value: 0
    SubTotal5 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    JobPerformed1 varchar 80    
    JobPrice1 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    JobPerformed2 varchar 80    
    JobPrice2 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    JobPerformed3 varchar 80    
    JobPrice3 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    JobPerformed4 varchar 80     
    JobPrice4 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    JobPerformed5 varchar 80     
    JobPrice5 decimal     Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    TotalParts decimal   Unchecked Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    TotalLabor decimal   Unchecked Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    TaxRate decimal   Unchecked Default Value: 7.75
    Scale: 2
    TaxAmount decimal   Unchecked Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    OrderTotal decimal   Unchecked Default Value: 0.00
    Scale: 2
    Recommendations text      
  9. Save the table as RepairOrders and close it
  10. Create a new Windows Application named CPAS2
  11. Design the form as follows (you could select (all) and copy the form from lesson 7, paste it to this form and make the necessary changes):
     
    Control Name Text Other Properties
    GroupBox   Customer and Car Information  
    Label   First Name:  
    TextBox txtFirstName    
    Label   Last Name:  
    TextBox txtLastName    
    Label   Address  
    TextBox txtAddress    
    Label   City:  
    TextBox txtCity    
    Label   State:  
    TextBox txtState    
    Label   ZIP Code:  
    TextBox txtZIPCode   TextAlign: Right
    Label   Make / Model:  
    TextBox txtMake    
    TextBox txtModel    
    Label   Year:  
    TextBox txtCarYear   TextAlign: Right
    Label   Problem Description:  
    TextBox txtProblem    
    GroupBox   Parts Used  
    Label   Part Name  
    Label   Unit Price  
    Label   Qty  
    Label   Sub Total  
    TextBox txtPartName1    
    TextBox txtPartUnitPrice1 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartQuantity1 0 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartSubTotal1 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartName2    
    TextBox txtPartUnitPrice2 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartQuantity2 0 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartSubTotal2 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartName3    
    TextBox txtPartUnitPrice3 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartQuantity3 0 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartSubTotal3 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartName4    
    TextBox txtPartUnitPrice4 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartQuantity4 0 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartSubTotal4 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartName5    
    TextBox txtPartUnitPrice5 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartQuantity5 0 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtPartSubTotal5 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    GroupBox   Jobs Performed  
    Label   Job Description  
    Label   Price  
    TextBox txtJobDescription1    
    TextBox txtJobPrice1 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtJobDescription2    
    TextBox txtJobPrice2 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtJobDescription3    
    TextBox txtJobPrice3 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtJobDescription4    
    TextBox txtJobPrice4 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    TextBox txtJobDescription5    
    TextBox txtJobPrice5 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    GroupBox   Order Summary  
    Button btnResetOrder Reset Order  
    Button btnCalculateOrder Calculate Order  
    Label   Total Parts:  
    TextBox txtTotalParts 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    Label   Total Labor:  
    Text txtTotalLabor 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    Label   Tax Rate:  
    TextBox txtTaxRate 7.75 TextAlign: Right
    Label   %  
    Label   Tax Amount:  
    TextBox txtTaxAmount 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    Label   Total Order:  
    TextBox txtTotalOrder 0.00 TextAlign: Right
    Button btnSaveOrder Save this Order and Start New Order  
    Button btnOpenOrder Open an Existing Order  
    Label   Recommendations  
    TextBox txtRecommendations   Multiline: True
    ScrollBars: Vertical
  12. Double-click the New Order/Reset button and implement its Click event as follows:
      
    Private Sub btnReset_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
		Handles btnReset.Click
        dtpOrderDate.Value = DateTime.Today
        dtpOrderTime.Value = DateTime.Now
        txtCustomerName.Text = ""
        txtAddress.Text = ""
        txtCity.Text = ""
        txtState.Text = ""
        txtZIPCode.Text = ""
        txtMake.Text = ""
        txtModel.Text = ""
        txtCarYear.Text = ""
        txtProblem.Text = ""

        txtPartName1.Text = ""
        txtUnitPrice1.Text = "0.00"
        txtQuantity1.Text = "0"
        txtSubTotal1.Text = "0.00"
        txtPartName2.Text = ""
        txtUnitPrice2.Text = "0.00"
        txtQuantity2.Text = "0"
        txtSubTotal2.Text = "0.00"
        txtPartName3.Text = ""
        txtUnitPrice3.Text = "0.00"
        txtQuantity3.Text = "0"
        txtSubTotal3.Text = "0.00"
        txtPartName4.Text = ""
        txtUnitPrice4.Text = "0.00"
        txtQuantity4.Text = "0"
        txtSubTotal4.Text = "0.00"
        txtPartName5.Text = ""
        txtUnitPrice5.Text = "0.00"
        txtQuantity5.Text = "0"
        txtSubTotal5.Text = "0.00"

        txtJobPerformed1.Text = ""
        txtJobPrice1.Text = "0.00"
        txtJobPerformed2.Text = ""
        txtJobPrice2.Text = "0.00"
        txtJobPerformed3.Text = ""
        txtJobPrice3.Text = "0.00"
        txtJobPerformed4.Text = ""
        txtJobPrice4.Text = "0.00"
        txtJobPerformed5.Text = ""
        txtJobPrice5.Text = "0.00"

        txtTotalParts.Text = "0.00"
        txtTotalLabor.Text = "0.00"
        txtTaxRate.Text = "7.75"
        txtTaxAmount.Text = "0.00"
        txtTotalOrder.Text = "0.00"

        txtRecommendations.Text = ""
        txtCustomerName.Focus()
End Sub
  13. Under the above event, implement the follow sub procedure:
       
    Private Sub CalculateOrder()
        Dim part1UnitPrice As Decimal
        Dim part1SubTotal As Decimal
        Dim part2UnitPrice As Decimal
        Dim part2SubTotal As Decimal
        Dim part3UnitPrice As Decimal
        Dim part3SubTotal As Decimal
        Dim part4UnitPrice As Decimal
        Dim part4SubTotal As Decimal
        Dim part5UnitPrice As Decimal
        Dim part5SubTotal As Decimal
        Dim totalParts As Decimal

        Dim part1Quantity As Integer = 0
        Dim part2Quantity As Integer = 0
        Dim part3Quantity As Integer = 0
        Dim part4Quantity As Integer = 0
        Dim part5Quantity As Integer = 0

        Dim job1Price As Decimal = 0.0
        Dim job2Price As Decimal = 0.0
        Dim job3Price As Decimal = 0.0
        Dim job4Price As Decimal = 0.0
        Dim job5Price As Decimal = 0.0
        Dim totalLabor As Decimal
        Dim taxRate As Decimal
        Dim taxAmount As Decimal
        Dim totalOrder As Decimal

        ' Don't charge a part unless it is clearly identified
        If txtPartName1.Text = "" Then
            txtUnitPrice1.Text = "0.00"
            txtQuantity1.Text = "0"
            txtSubTotal1.Text = "0.00"
            part1UnitPrice = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                part1UnitPrice = CDbl(txtUnitPrice1.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Unit Price")
                txtUnitPrice1.Text = "0.00"
                txtUnitPrice1.Focus()
            End Try

            Try
                part1Quantity = CInt(txtQuantity1.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Quantity")
                txtQuantity1.Text = "0"
                txtQuantity1.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtPartName2.Text = "" Then
            txtUnitPrice2.Text = "0.00"
            txtQuantity2.Text = "0"
            txtSubTotal2.Text = "0.00"
            part2UnitPrice = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                part2UnitPrice = CDbl(txtUnitPrice2.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Unit Price")
                txtUnitPrice2.Text = "0.00"
                txtUnitPrice2.Focus()
            End Try

            Try
                part2Quantity = CInt(txtQuantity2.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Quantity")
                txtQuantity2.Text = "0"
                txtQuantity2.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtPartName3.Text = "" Then
            txtUnitPrice3.Text = "0.00"
            txtQuantity3.Text = "0"
            txtSubTotal3.Text = "0.00"
            part3UnitPrice = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                part3UnitPrice = CDbl(txtUnitPrice3.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Unit Price")
                txtUnitPrice3.Text = "0.00"
                txtUnitPrice3.Focus()
            End Try

            Try
                part3Quantity = CInt(txtQuantity3.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Quantity")
                txtQuantity3.Text = "0"
                txtQuantity3.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtPartName4.Text = "" Then
            txtUnitPrice4.Text = "0.00"
            txtQuantity4.Text = "0"
            txtSubTotal4.Text = "0.00"
            part4UnitPrice = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                part4UnitPrice = CDbl(txtUnitPrice4.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Unit Price")
                txtUnitPrice4.Text = "0.00"
                txtUnitPrice4.Focus()
            End Try

            Try
                part4Quantity = CInt(txtQuantity4.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException

                msgbox("Invalid Quantity")
                txtQuantity4.Text = "0"
                txtQuantity4.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtPartName5.Text = "" Then
            txtUnitPrice5.Text = "0.00"
            txtQuantity5.Text = "0"
            txtSubTotal5.Text = "0.00"
            part5UnitPrice = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                part5UnitPrice = CDbl(txtUnitPrice5.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Unit Price")
                txtUnitPrice5.Text = "0.00"
                txtUnitPrice5.Focus()
            End Try

            Try
                part5Quantity = CInt(txtQuantity5.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Quantity")
                txtQuantity5.Text = "0"
                txtQuantity5.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        ' Don't bill the customer for a job that is not specified
        If txtJobPerformed1.Text = "" Then
            txtJobPrice1.Text = "0.00"
            job1Price = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                job1Price = CDbl(txtJobPrice1.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                msgbox("Invalid Job Price")
                txtJobPrice1.Text = "0.00"
                txtJobPrice1.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtJobPerformed2.Text = "" Then
            txtJobPrice2.Text = "0.00"
            job2Price = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                job2Price = CDbl(txtJobPrice2.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                MsgBox("Invalid Job Price")
                txtJobPrice2.Text = "0.00"
                txtJobPrice2.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtJobPerformed3.Text = "" Then
            txtJobPrice3.Text = "0.00"
            job3Price = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                job3Price = CDbl(txtJobPrice3.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                MsgBox("Invalid Job Price")
                txtJobPrice3.Text = "0.00"
                txtJobPrice3.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtJobPerformed4.Text = "" Then
            txtJobPrice4.Text = "0.00"
            job4Price = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                job4Price = CDbl(txtJobPrice4.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                MsgBox("Invalid Job Price")
                txtJobPrice4.Text = "0.00"
                txtJobPrice4.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        If txtJobPerformed5.Text = "" Then
            txtJobPrice5.Text = "0.00"
            job5Price = 0.0
        Else
            Try
                job5Price = CDbl(txtJobPrice5.Text)
            Catch ex As FormatException
                MsgBox("Invalid Job Price")
                txtJobPrice5.Text = "0.00"
                txtJobPrice5.Focus()
            End Try
        End If

        part1SubTotal = part1UnitPrice * part1Quantity
        part2SubTotal = part2UnitPrice * part2Quantity
        part3SubTotal = part3UnitPrice * part3Quantity
        part4SubTotal = part4UnitPrice * part4Quantity
        part5SubTotal = part5UnitPrice * part5Quantity

        txtSubTotal1.Text = part1SubTotal.ToString("F")
        txtSubTotal2.Text = part2SubTotal.ToString("F")
        txtSubTotal3.Text = part3SubTotal.ToString("F")
        txtSubTotal4.Text = part4SubTotal.ToString("F")
        txtSubTotal5.Text = part5SubTotal.ToString("F")

        totalParts = part1SubTotal + part2SubTotal + part3SubTotal + _
              part4SubTotal + part5SubTotal

        totalLabor = job1Price + job2Price + job3Price + _
              job4Price + job5Price

        Try
            taxRate = CDbl(txtTaxRate.Text)
        Catch ex As FormatException
            MsgBox("Invalid Tax Rate")
            txtTaxRate.Text = "7.75"
            txtTaxRate.Focus()
        End Try

        Dim totalPartsAndLabor As Decimal = totalParts + totalLabor
        taxAmount = totalPartsAndLabor * taxRate / 100
        totalOrder = totalPartsAndLabor + taxAmount

        txtTotalParts.Text = totalParts.ToString("F")
        txtTotalLabor.Text = totalLabor.ToString("F")
        txtTaxAmount.Text = taxAmount.ToString("F")
        txtTotalOrder.Text = totalOrder.ToString("F")
End Sub
  14. In the Class Name combo box, select txtQuantity1
  15. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtQuantity1_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtQuantity1.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  16. In the Class Name combo box, select txtQuantity2
  17. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtQuantity2_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtQuantity2.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  18. In the Class Name combo box, select txtQuantity3
  19. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtQuantity3_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtQuantity3.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  20. In the Class Name combo box, select txtQuantity4
  21. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtQuantity4_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtQuantity4.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  22. In the Class Name combo box, select txtQuantity5
  23. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtQuantity5_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtQuantity5.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  24. In the Class Name combo box, select txtJobPrice1
  25. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtJobPrice1_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtJobPrice1.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  26. In the Class Name combo box, select txtJobPrice2
  27. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtJobPrice2_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtJobPrice2.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  28. In the Class Name combo box, select txtJobPrice3
  29. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtJobPrice3_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtJobPrice3.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  30. In the Class Name combo box, select txtJobPrice4
  31. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtJobPrice4_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtJobPrice4.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  32. In the Class Name combo box, select txtJobPrice5
  33. In the Method Name combo box, select Leave and implement it as follows:
      
    Private Sub txtJobPrice5_Leave(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles txtJobPrice5.Leave
        CalculateOrder()
End Sub
  34. In the Class Name combo box, select btnSaveOrder
  35. In the Method Name combo box, select Click and implement its Click event as follows:
      
    Private Sub btnSaveOrder_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles btnSaveOrder.Click
        Dim strCustomerName As String = txtCustomerName.Text

        If strCustomerName = "" Then
            MsgBox("You must provide a name for the customer")
            Exit Sub
        End If

        Dim strOrderDate As String = dtpOrderDate.Value.ToString("d")
        Dim strOrderTime As String = dtpOrderTime.Value.ToString("t")

        Dim strNewRepairOrder As String = "INSERT INTO RepairOrders(OrderDate, " & _
                                             "OrderTime, CustomerName, Address, " & _
           "City, State, ZIPCode, Make, Model, " & _
           "CarYear, ProblemDescription, PartName1, " & _
           "UnitPrice1, Quantity1, SubTotal1, " & _
           "PartName2, UnitPrice2, Quantity2, " & _
           "SubTotal2, PartName3, UnitPrice3, " & _
           "Quantity3, SubTotal3, PartName4, " & _
           "UnitPrice4, Quantity4, SubTotal4, " & _
           "PartName5, UnitPrice5, Quantity5, " & _
           "SubTotal5, JobPerformed1, JobPrice1, " & _
           "JobPerformed2, JobPrice2, JobPerformed3, " & _
           "JobPrice3, JobPerformed4, JobPrice4, " & _
           "JobPerformed5, JobPrice5, TotalParts, " & _
           "TotalLabor, TaxRate, TaxAmount, " & _
           "OrderTotal, Recommendations) " & _
           "VALUES('" & strOrderDate & "', '" & strOrderTime & _
           "', '" & strCustomerName & "', '" & txtAddress.Text & _
              "', '" & txtCity.Text & "', '" & txtState.Text & _
              "', '" & txtZIPCode.Text & "', '" & txtMake.Text & _
              "', '" & txtModel.Text & "', '" & txtCarYear.Text & _
              "', '" & txtProblem.Text & "', '" & txtPartName1.Text & _
              "', '" & txtUnitPrice1.Text & "', '" & txtQuantity1.Text & _
              "', '" & txtSubTotal1.Text & "', '" & txtPartName2.Text & _
              "', '" & txtUnitPrice2.Text & "', '" & txtQuantity2.Text & _
              "', '" & txtSubTotal2.Text & "', '" & txtPartName3.Text & _
              "', '" & txtUnitPrice3.Text & "', '" & txtQuantity3.Text & _
              "', '" & txtSubTotal3.Text & "', '" & txtPartName4.Text & _
              "', '" & txtUnitPrice4.Text & "', '" & txtQuantity4.Text & _
              "', '" & txtSubTotal4.Text & "', '" & txtPartName5.Text & _
              "', '" & txtUnitPrice5.Text & "', '" & txtQuantity5.Text & _
             "', '" & txtSubTotal5.Text & "', '" & txtJobPerformed1.Text & _
             "', '" & txtJobPrice1.Text & "', '" & txtJobPerformed2.Text & _
             "', '" & txtJobPrice2.Text & "', '" & txtJobPerformed3.Text & _
             "', '" & txtJobPrice3.Text & "', '" & txtJobPerformed4.Text & _
             "', '" & txtJobPrice4.Text & "', '" & txtJobPerformed5.Text & _
              "', '" & txtJobPrice5.Text & "', '" & txtTotalParts.Text & _
              "', '" & txtTotalLabor.Text & "', '" & txtTaxRate.Text & _
              "', '" & txtTaxAmount.Text & "', '" & txtTotalOrder.Text & _
              "', '" & txtRecommendations.Text & "');"

        Dim conDatabase As System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection = New _
        System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection( _
     "Data Source=(local);Database='CPAS';Integrated Security=yes")
        Dim cmdDatabase As System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand = New _
         System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand(strNewRepairOrder, conDatabase)

        conDatabase.Open()

        cmdDatabase.ExecuteNonQuery()
        conDatabase.Close()
End Sub
  36. In the Class Name combo box, select btnClose
  37. In the Method Name combo box, select Click and implement its Click event as follows:
      
    Private Sub btnClose_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
			Handles btnClose.Click
        End
End Sub
  38. Execute the application and create a repair order. Here is an example:
     
  39. Save the order
  40. Close the form and return to your programming environment

The SQL Data Reader

The .NET Framework provides XML-supported classes used to read from, and write to, an XML file going forth but without back. To support a unidirectional approach to reading data from a SQL Server database, the .NET Framework provides the SqlDataReader. This class reads data in a top-down direction without referring back to a record it passed already:

In other words, the SqlDataReader reads the first record, moves down, reads the second record, moves down, and so on, until it gets to the last record. Once it has passed a record, it doesn't and cannot refer back to it.

To create a data reader, you can declare a pointer to SqlDataReader. This class doesn't have a constructor. This means that, to use it, you must (directly) specify where it would read its data. To provide data to the reader, the SqlCommand class is equipped with the ExecuteReader() method that is overloaded with two versions. The simplest version of this method uses the following syntax:

Overloads Public Function ExecuteReader() As SqlDataReader

Based on this, before using a data reader, you should first create a command that would specify how data would be acquired. Once the data is reader, you can pass it to the data reader by assigning the result of a call to a SqlCommand.ExecuteReader() method to a SqlDataReader object.

Using a SQL Data Reader

Once data is supplied to the reader, you can access it, one record at a time, from top to bottom. To access data that the reader acquired, you can call its Read() method whose syntax is: 

Public Overridable Function Read() As Boolean Implements IDataReader.Read

As you can see, the Read() method simply reads a record and moves on. When reading the records of a table, as mentioned already many times, the data reader reads one record at a time and moves to the next. Before moving to the next record, you can access the values stored in the current record. To help with this, the columns of the table being read are stored in a collection and each column can be referred to with a numeric index. The first column has an index of 1. The second column has an index of 2, and so on. To retrieve the actual data stored in a column, you may need to know the type of information that column is holding so you can read it accurately.

Depending on the data type that a column was created with, you can access it as follows:

If the column holds the following data type Use the following method System.Data.SqlTypes Equivalent
bit GetBoolean() GetSqlBoolean()
char, nchar GetChar() GetSqlChar()
varchar, nvarchar GetString() GetSqlString()
text, ntext GetString() GetSqlString()
binary, varbinary GetBinary() GetSqlBinary()
decimal GetDecimal() GetDouble() GetSqlDecimal()
float GetFloat() GetSqlSingle()
int GetInt32() GetSqlInt32()
money, smallmoney GetDecimal() GetSqlDecimal()
bigint GetInt64() GetSqlInt64()
datetime, smalldatetime GetDateTime() GetSqlDateTime()
smallint, tinyint GetInt16() GetByte() GetSqlInt16()
 

When using one of the Get... or GetSql... methods, the compiler doesn't perform any conversion. This means that, before sending the data, you have two responsibilities. First you must convert the value read to the appropriate (and probably exact) format. For example, if you read a natural number from a column created with the tinyint data type, even though C++ allows a short to be implicitly converted to an int, the compiler you use for your application would not perform or assume the conversion: the value of a column created with tinyint must be read with GetByte() or GetSqlByte() and trying to use GetInt32() or GetSqlInt32() would throw an error.

Practical Learning Practical Learning: Reading Data
  1. In the Class Name combo box, select btnOpen
  2. In the Method Name combo box, select Click and implement its Click event as follows:
      
    Private Sub btnOpen_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnOpen.Click
        Dim strReceiptNumber As String = txtReceiptNumber.Text

        If strReceiptNumber = "" Then
            MsgBox("You must provide a receipt number to look for the repair")
            Exit Sub
        End If

        Dim strFindRepair As String = "SELECT * FROM RepairOrders WHERE RepairOrderID = '" & _
           strReceiptNumber & "'"

        Dim conDatabase As System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection = New _
      System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection("Data Source=(local);Database='CPAS';Integrated Security=yes")
        Dim cmdDatabase As System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand = New _
         System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand(strFindRepair, conDatabase)

        conDatabase.Open()

        Dim rdrRepairOrder As System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader
        rdrRepairOrder = cmdDatabase.ExecuteReader()

        While rdrRepairOrder.Read()
            dtpOrderDate.Value = rdrRepairOrder.GetDateTime(1)
            dtpOrderTime.Value = rdrRepairOrder.GetDateTime(2)
            txtCustomerName.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(3)
            txtAddress.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(4)
            txtCity.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(5)
            txtState.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(6)
            txtZIPCode.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(7)
            txtMake.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(8)
            txtModel.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(9)
            txtCarYear.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlInt16(10).ToString()
            txtProblem.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(11)

            txtPartName1.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(12)
            txtUnitPrice1.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(13).ToString()
            txtQuantity1.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlByte(14).ToString()
            txtSubTotal1.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(15).ToString()
            txtPartName2.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(16)
            txtUnitPrice2.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(17).ToString()
            txtQuantity2.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlByte(18).ToString()
            txtSubTotal2.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(19).ToString()
            txtPartName3.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(20)
            txtUnitPrice3.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(21).ToString()
            txtQuantity3.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlByte(22).ToString()
            txtSubTotal3.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(23).ToString()
            txtPartName4.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(24)
            txtUnitPrice4.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(25).ToString()
            txtQuantity4.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlByte(26).ToString()
            txtSubTotal4.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(27).ToString()
            txtPartName5.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(28)
            txtUnitPrice5.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(29).ToString()
            txtQuantity5.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlByte(30).ToString()
            txtSubTotal5.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(31).ToString()

            txtJobPerformed1.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(32)
            txtJobPrice1.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(33).ToString()
            txtJobPerformed2.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(34)
            txtJobPrice2.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(35).ToString()
            txtJobPerformed3.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(36)
            txtJobPrice3.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(37).ToString()
            txtJobPerformed4.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(38)
            txtJobPrice4.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(39).ToString()
            txtJobPerformed5.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(40)
            txtJobPrice5.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(41).ToString()

            txtTotalParts.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(42).ToString()
            txtTotalLabor.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(43).ToString()
            txtTaxRate.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(44).ToString()
            txtTaxAmount.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(45).ToString()
            txtTotalOrder.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetSqlDecimal(46).ToString()

            txtRecommendations.Text = rdrRepairOrder.GetString(47)
        End While

        rdrRepairOrder.Close()
        conDatabase.Close()
End Sub
  3. Execute the application
  4. In the bottom receipt number text box, type 1 and click Open
  5. Close the form and return to your programming environment
 
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